Examining Acute Coronary Syndrome Across Ethnicity,Sex, and Age

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains one of the leading causes of death in the United States. With its heightened prevalence, considerable variabilities in the disease process exist across ethnicities, sex, and age. This creates substantial disparities in the recognition and management of ACS, which consequently contributes to poor outcomes. It is of utmost importance that nurse practitioners remain vigilant, cognizant, and maintain a high index of suspicion to accurately identify ACS presentations and thus efficaciously intervene to successfully manage the disease process.     

Parenchymal calcification is associated with the neurological prognosis in patients with congenital rubella syndrome

Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) results from maternal rubella virus infection in early pregnancy. Abnormal neuroimaging findings have been analyzed in a small number of CRS patients in the past; however, their clinical significance has been poorly addressed. Therefore, we have investigated the neuroimaging findings of 31 patients with CRS from previous studies. The most common finding was parenchymal calcification, which was observed in 18 of 31 patients (58.1%). A multivariable logistic regression model showed that it was associated with psychomotor or mental retardation (p = 0.018), suggesting that parenchymal calcification in CRS could be a prognostic factor.     

乳腺癌患者的流行病学特点及中医证型分布的临床研究

目的：从流行病学特点及中医辨证分型分布探索预防和治疗乳腺癌的新思路。方法：通过回顾性调查分析,收集457例乳腺癌住院患者的流行病学基本信息、病理类型和中医辨证分型等情况,分析乳腺癌患者流行病学特点,以及病理类型与中医证型相关性。结果：纳入病例均为女性,≥45周岁的患者358例(78.34%)；产次>1次的患者274例(59.96%),引流产次>1次的患者324例(70.90%)；有吸烟史的患者30例(6.56%),有饮酒史的患者19例(4.16%)；无家族肿瘤疾病史的患者415例(90.81%)。病理类型中浸润性癌(303例)占比最大,中医证型中肝郁痰凝证(246例)、冲任失调证(128例)例数较多。病理类型与中医证型相关性结果显示早期浸润癌与肝郁痰凝证呈正相关(P<0.05),浸润性癌与肝郁痰凝证、冲任失调证呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:乳腺癌患者中医证型多为肝郁痰凝证、冲任失调证,早期浸润癌与肝郁痰凝证,浸润性癌与肝郁痰凝证、冲任失调证具有明显相关性,该结果为中医“治未病”理论预防和治疗乳腺癌提供了新思路与新方法。     

糖尿病前期中医证型及证素特点分析＊

目的 探讨糖尿病前期的中医证型及证素分布特点。方法 检索中国知网、万方及维普三大数据库中收录的自建库以来有关糖尿病前期证型的临床研究文献，对中医证型进行规范整理，建立数据库，提取证素，运用数据挖掘技术中的关联分析、聚类分析探究证素分布规律。结果 共纳入10篇文献，总有效病例1620例，证型经规范处理后整理为18个，主要证型为脾虚痰湿证。共提取证素13个，主要病位证素为脾，主要病性证素为气虚、湿和痰，关联分析显示脾—湿支持度和置信度最高，聚类分析结果可得到3个聚类组。结论 糖尿病前期病位在脾，气虚、脾、痰、湿是常见证素，临床诊治糖尿病前期应注重从脾论治，需辨证施治。     

妊娠合并长QT间期综合征的研究进展

长QT间期综合征（long QT syndrome,LQTS）是一种由基因突变导致离子通道结构或功能异常的遗传性心脏疾病,心电图以QT间期延长及T波改变为特征,易发生心悸、晕厥、心律失常、心脏骤停甚至猝死等。LQTS患者临床最常见的基因亚型为LQT1型、LQT2型和LQT3型,不同基因亚型的LQTS在突变基因、触发因素甚至心电图改变上均有差异,明确患者基因亚型,有助于临床诊断、治疗及对心脏事件发生的预防。有效预防心脏事件发生对LQTS患者是最重要的措施之一;合并LQTS孕产妇在妊娠、产褥期将经历激素水平、血流动力学改变等一系列生理性变化,均可能影响LQTS相关心脏事件的发生风险;其临床管理也不同于非LQTS孕产妇,有必要了解其发病机制、诊断标准、治疗方案及围生期管理的研究进展。